Inā makemake mākou e hoʻomohala i nā mea hoʻopili a kūʻai paha i nā mea hoʻopili, ʻike pinepine mākou e loaʻa i kekahi mau mea hoʻopili ka palapala hōʻoia ROHS, palapala hōʻoia NFS, a me ka conductivity thermal o nā mea hoʻopili, conductivity thermal, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, he aha kā lākou e hōʻike nei? E hālāwai me lākou me siway ma lalo nei!
He aha ka ROHS?
He kūlana mandatory ʻo ROHS i hoʻomohala ʻia e ke kānāwai o ka ʻAhahui ʻEulopa, ʻo kona inoa piha ʻo ia ke Kuhikuhi ma luna oKa Pale ʻana i nā Mea Pōʻino i nā lako uila a me nā lako uilaE hoʻokō kūhelu ʻia ke kūlana ma Iulai 1, 2006, e hoʻohana nui ʻia e hoʻoponopono i nā kūlana mea a me ke kaʻina hana o nā huahana uila a me nā huahana uila, i mea e kūpono ai i ke olakino kanaka a me ka palekana o ke kaiapuni. ʻO ke kumu o ke kūlana, ʻo ia ka hoʻopau ʻana i ke kēpau, mercury, cadmium, hexvalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls a me polybrominated biphenyl ethers i loko o nā huahana kaʻa a me nā huahana uila, a ʻo ka nānā ʻana i ka nui o ke kēpau ʻaʻole e ʻoi aku ma mua o 1%.
He aha ka NSF? He aha ka FDA? He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o lākou?
1. ʻO NSF ka pōkole Pelekane no ka National Health Foundation of the United States, he hui ʻaoʻao ʻekolu waiwai ʻole. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia ma nā kūlana aupuni o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ma o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kūlana, ka hoʻāʻo ʻana a me ka hōʻoia ʻana, ka hoʻokele palapala hōʻoia a me nā palapala loiloi, ka hoʻonaʻauao a me ke aʻo ʻana, ka noiʻi a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe e hōʻoia a nānā i nā huahana a me nā ʻenehana e pili ana i ke olakino lehulehu a me ke kaiapuni.
2. E pili ana i ka palapala hōʻoia NSF, ʻaʻole ka National Health Foundation (NSF) he keʻena aupuni, akā he hui lawelawe pilikino waiwai ʻole. ʻO kāna kumu ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke ʻano o ke ola o ke olakino lehulehu. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka NSF e nā loea olakino lehulehu a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, me nā keʻena aupuni, nā kulanui, nā ʻoihana a me nā hui mea kūʻai aku. Ke kālele nei kāna hana i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā kūlana hoʻomohala a me ka hoʻokele no nā huahana āpau e pili ana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, ke olakino lehulehu, a pēlā aku. Loaʻa iā NSF kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua piha e hoʻāʻo ana i nā huahana āpau i hoʻāʻo ʻia no ka hoʻokō ʻana me nā kūlana nānā. Hiki i nā mea hana āpau e komo manawaleʻa ana i hala i ka nānā ʻana o NSF ke hoʻopili i ka lepili NSF ma ka huahana a me nā palapala e pili ana i ka huahana e hōʻike i ka hōʻoia.
3, nā ʻoihana i hōʻoia ʻia e NSF, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā ʻoihana NSF, e like me nā mīkini home, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, ka meaʻai, ke olakino, ka hoʻonaʻauao a pēlā aku. Pili ka huahana i ka māhele like. ʻO ka United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) kekahi o nā keʻena hoʻokō i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke aupuni ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ma loko o ke Keʻena Ola a me nā Hana Kanaka (DHHS) a me ke Keʻena Ola Kino (PHS). ʻO ke kino hōʻoia NSF kahi hui hōʻoia honua ʻaoʻao ʻekolu ʻaʻole waiwai, he mōʻaukala o 50 mau makahiki, ʻo ia ka mea nui i ka olakino lehulehu a me ka palekana a me nā kūlana olakino a me ka hana hōʻoia huahana meaʻai, ua mahalo nui ʻia nā kūlana ʻoihana he nui ma ka honua, a ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ke kūlana. He kūlana ʻoihana ʻoi aku ka mana ma mua o ka hōʻoia FDA o ka US Food and Drug Administration.
He aha ka SGS? He aha ka pilina ma waena o SGS a me ROHS?
ʻO SGS ka pōkole o Societe Generale de Surveillance SA, i unuhi ʻia ʻo "General Notary Firm". I hoʻokumu ʻia i ka makahiki 1887, ʻo ia ka hui multinational pilikino ʻekolu ʻaoʻao nui loa a kahiko loa o ka honua e hana ana i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana a me ka loiloi loea. Me ke keʻena nui ma Geneva, he 251 mau lālā a puni ka honua. ʻO ROHS ka EU directive, hiki iā SGS ke hana i ka hōʻoia huahana hoʻāʻo a me ka hōʻoia ʻōnaehana e like me ka ROHS Directive. Akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole wale ka hōʻike SGS i ʻike ʻia, aia kekahi mau keʻena hoʻāʻo ʻaoʻao ʻekolu, e like me ITS a pēlā aku.
He aha nā conductivity thermal?
ʻO ke alakaʻi wela e pili ana i nā kūlana hoʻoili wela paʻa, 1m ka mānoanoa o ka mea, ʻo ka ʻokoʻa o ka mahana ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka ʻili he 1 kekelē (K,°C), i loko o 1 hola, ma o ka ʻāpana o 1 mika kuea o ka hoʻoili wela, ʻo ke anakahi he watt/mika · kekelē (W/(m·K), kahi e hiki ai ke pani ʻia ʻo K e ℃).
Pili ka conductivity thermal i ke ʻano o ka haku mele ʻana, ka nui, ka nui o ka makū, ka mahana a me nā mea ʻē aʻe o ka mea. ʻO nā mea me ke ʻano amorphous a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa he haʻahaʻa ka conductivity thermal. Ke haʻahaʻa ka nui o ka makū a me ka mahana o ka mea, liʻiliʻi ka conductivity thermal.
He aha ka RTV?
ʻO RTV ka pōkole o "Room Temperature Vulcanized Silicone Rubber" ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania, i kapa ʻia ʻo "room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber" a i ʻole "room temperature cured silicone rubber", ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia kēia rubber silicone ma nā kūlana mahana o ka lumi (ʻo nā insulators synthetic he rubber silicone vulcanized wela kiʻekiʻe). Ua hoʻokipa nui ʻia ka uhi antifouling flashover RTV e nā mea hoʻohana ʻōnaehana mana no kona hiki ke anti-fouling flashover ikaika, ka mālama ʻole ʻana a me ke kaʻina hana uhi maʻalahi, a ua hoʻomohala koke ʻia.
He aha ka UL? He aha nā māka o ka UL?
ʻO UL ka pōkole no Underwriter Laboratories Ins. UL Combustion Grade: Flammability ʻO ka papa UL94 ka maʻamau flammability i hoʻohana nui ʻia no nā mea plastik. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e loiloi i ka hiki o kahi mea ke make ma hope o ka hoʻā ʻia ʻana. Wahi a ka wikiwiki o ke ahi, ka manawa puhi, ke kūʻē ʻana i ka kulu a inā paha e ʻā ana ka hāʻule ʻana, hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻano loiloi like ʻole. Hiki ke loaʻa nā waiwai he nui no kēlā me kēia mea i hoʻāʻo ʻia ma muli o ke kala a i ʻole ka mānoanoa. Ke koho ʻia ka mea o kahi huahana, pono e hoʻokō kāna papa UL i ka papa flame retardant o nā ʻāpana plastik mai HB, V-2,V-1 a i V-0: HB: ka papa flame retardant haʻahaʻa loa ma ke kūlana UL94. No nā laʻana 3 a 13 mm ka mānoanoa, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka wikiwiki o ke ahi ma mua o 40 mm i kēlā me kēia minuke; No nā laʻana ma lalo o 3 mm ka mānoanoa, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka wikiwiki o ke ahi ma mua o 70 mm i kēlā me kēia minuke; A i ʻole e kinai i mua o ka hōʻailona 100 mm.
V-2: Ma hope o ʻelua mau hoʻāʻo kuni ʻana he 10 kekona ma ka hāpana, hiki ke kinai ʻia ka lapalapa i loko o 60 kekona, a hiki ke hāʻule kekahi mau mea hiki ke kuni.
V-1: Ma hope o ʻelua mau hoʻāʻo puhi ʻana he 10 kekona ma ka hāpana, hiki ke kinai ʻia ka lapalapa i loko o 60 kekona, a ʻaʻohe mea hiki ke puhi ʻia e hāʻule.
V-0: Ma hope o ʻelua mau hoʻāʻo puhi ʻana he 10 kekona ma ka hāpana, hiki ke kinai ʻia ka lapalapa i loko o 30 kekona, a ʻaʻohe mea hiki ke puhi ʻia e hāʻule.
ʻO kēia nā ʻike maʻamau e pili ana i nā mea hoʻopili i kaʻana like ʻia e siway, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Shanghai Siway Building Materials Co., Limited i ka makahiki 1984, I kēia manawa, loaʻa iā ia ka palapala hōʻoia ʻōnaehana maikaʻi honua ISO9001:2015 a me ka palapala hōʻoia hoʻokele ʻōnaehana kaiapuni ISO14001 a me nā palapala hōʻoia ʻē aʻe.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Ian-10-2024